“aP” and “Barn Burning” a Compare and Contrast Essay”

Sammy from John Updike’s â€Å"AP† and Sarty from William Faulkner’s â€Å"Barn Burning† are two great examples of young people raising their standards and doing what they believe is right. In â€Å"AP†, Sammy is nineteen years old and works at a local grocery store named the AP. His life changes the day he quits his job after defending three girls that are â€Å"called out† by Lengel, the manager, for breaking the unwritten dress code. In â€Å"Barn Burning†, Sarty is a ten year old boy who struggles between the fine line of right and wrong when his father, Abner Snopes, is put on trial for burning down a barn. When his father attempts to burn down another barn, Sarty takes charge and warns the owner. â€Å"AP† and â€Å"Barn Burning† are short story classics that†¦show more content†¦Sarty never justifies his father’s actions and is aware that if he allows things to remain the same, he will become a product of his environment. This is his motive for warning Abner’s next barn burning victim and his chance to move on with his life. The time periods and locations in which â€Å"AP† and â€Å"Barn Burning† take place are very different. Sammy lives in a more favorable time in the United States than Sarty. â€Å"AP† is set in a small town north of Boston, Massachusetts around 1960. At this time, the United States was the main military manufacturer and financial power in the capitalist world. The â€Å"Hippie Movement† just started and shocked many traditional families with a new way of living. Sarty lives in Mississippi about twenty years after the Civil War. Life was tough for Mississippians post Civil War. The Southern states were in debt and devastation from the war was everywhere. Although America was transforming into a more modern country in both stories, the time periods in which they live are completely opposite. Sammy and Sarty are two protagonists that have to mature beyond normal circumstances and experience the â€Å"real world† at tender ages. Each character is forced to grow up and refine themselves in their darkest hour. Sammy and Sarty are both dissatisfied with their authority figures; however, the time periods in which they live take place in differentShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesaware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Whetten, David A. (David Allred) Developing management skills /David A. Whetten, Kim S. Cameron.—8th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-13-612100-8 1. Management—-Study and teaching. 2. Management—Problems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages........................................................................... 553 Exercises .......................................................................................................................................... 555 1 C H A P T E R 1 How to Reason Logically T he goal of this book is to improve your logical-reasoning skills. Your logical-reasoning skills are a complex weave of abilities that help you get someones point, generate reasons for your own point, evaluateRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 PagesAbbreviations: Parts of speech of headwords have been indicated in this edition as follows adj. aux. v. cf. coll. conj. dem. E. enc. esp. ext. suff. H. infl. suff. int. int. lit. n. num. p.n. prep. pron. poss. quant. usu. v. Y. adjective auxiliary verb compare colloquial conjunction demonstrative English enclitic especially extensional suffix Hausa inflectional suffix interjection interrogative literally noun numeral proper name preposition pronoun possessive pronoun quantifier usually verb Yoruba derivedRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pages © Veer Images Typeface: 10.5/12 Times Roman Compositor: Aptara ®, Inc. Printer: Worldcolor Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Larson, Erik W., 1952Project management: the managerial process / Erik W. Larson, Clifford F. Gray. —5th ed. p. cm. —(The McGraw-Hill/Irwin series, operations and decision sciences) Grayâ₠¬â„¢s name appears first on the earlier editions. Includes index. ISBN-13: 978-0-07-340334-2 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-07-340334-2 (alk. paper) 1. Project management. 2. Time management

Should Prostitution Be Legalized - 1600 Words

Prostitution has been one of the oldest professions of all time. So should it be legal? When it comes to the topic of prostitution, a lot of people will readily agree that it is â€Å"wrong† for moral reasons and or religious beliefs. People will also argue that prostitution is in the bible stating it is wrong, but not everyone has the same beliefs and others do not believe in God. Everyone has different opinions and mindsets towards it. Where this agreement usually ends, however is with the question, if Prostitution be legalized. Some are convinced that it should not be legalized because it is considered sexual harassment, rape, battering, domestic violence, a violatation of human rights, childhood sexual abuse and many other reasons. Whereas others maintain that it should be legalized for many reasons such as it will reduce violence against women, it will make sex workers healthier, it is also a victim less crime and they can be a source of tax revenue. Plus, believe it or n ot, prostitution is not going away anytime soon. I agree with prostitution being legalized. Some women are forced into prostitution, It will also regulate human trafficking and it will make the streets safer. Now-a-days there is debate on why prostitution should be legalized. It should be legalized and treated as if it were to be any other job. They can also give the workers access to social security and health benefits, and they would be able to also regulate their places and terms of employment. OnShow MoreRelatedShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1406 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution is one of the largest controversial issue facing the United States. The definition of prostitution, according to Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary, is the act or practice of engaging in sexual relations especially for the money. Prostitution has been constantly bashed by the media and is currently legal in only one state. In this state, only one county has banned prostitution. Why is it illegal? What is wrong with prostitution that has made it illegal? These are the important questions thatRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1048 Words   |  5 PagesWalker May,15,2015 Should prostitution be legalized? Most of us have heard of prostitution and the controversial opinions of people whether it should be legalized or not. The fact is that prostitution has been practiced for many years regardless of its legality. As defined in the dictionary prostitution is the exchange of sex for money. Out of the 50 states in the U.S., Nevada is the only states were prostitution is legal. On the other hand, in some European countries prostitution is not illegal andRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1111 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution has been around for a very long time. There has been great debates over the last few decades about prostitution law reform. It is accepted by some, denied by others, or just forbidden. Prostitution is that one thing that people do and does not get brought up for discussion after the fact. It is what some people call dirty and distasteful. But prostitution whether legalized or not will continue to happen. I will argue that prostitution should be legalized becaus e it would bring more benefitRead MoreShould Prostitution be Legalized?1658 Words   |  7 PagesProstitution is an issue that has been debated in many countries. 22 countries have legalized prostitution. In the United States, prostitution is only legal in 11 rural counties in Nevada. It used to be legal in Rhode Island due to a loophole, but since 2009, it has been illegal. Women are not the only ones who are prostitutes, about 20 to 30% of prostitutes are male, which means both genders are affected by laws against prostitution. Men and women should be allowed to choose how they want to useRead MoreProstitution Should Be Legalized?1072 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution in America Some consider prostitution to be evil, sin incarnated. They believe that the act of fornication with an unknown and unloved person is unholy and should be punishable. They may believe that those who are prostitutes are not human, but instead creatures that have given into their most primal lust. To give into the carnal temptation of sex, and to resolve it through means that are not considered normal, sentences one to eternal damnation. Or so some believe, and I respect theirRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1663 Words   |  7 PagesDecriminalizing prostitution in the United States will be a hazard to the nation. Prostitution has been often called one of the oldest jobs in the world. However, it has been illegal in nearly all societies throughout history. Currently, there have been various countries where prostitution has been legalized by the government, allowing people over eighteen year olds to work as prostitutes legally. Nonetheless, those countries have had several neg ative effects following the legalization of prostitution. NeverthelessRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1725 Words   |  7 PagesProstitution Should Be Legalized Some say prostitution is the world s oldest profession. Yet, only a small percentage of the world’s government allows it. The legalization of prostitution is a very controversial topic due to many people’s moral beliefs. Prostitutes all over the world are treated as outcasts. A reason for people to be against prostitution could be due to their religious beliefs, moral standpoints, or lack of knowledge over the subject. Many religions state that sex outside of marriageRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1188 Words   |  5 PagesShould Prostitution be legalized? Prostitution is defined as the engaging in, or agreeing to engage in, sexual conduct for a fee. Women are pushed into entering prostitution for many reasons including lack of education, poverty, and personal choice. Prostitution is currently illegal, but there is much controversy surrounding this issue. Picture in your mind this scenario: Jane is a 26 year old single woman who makes her living working the streets as a prostitute. She is clean, and is tested regularlyRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1411 Words   |  6 PagesShould prostitution be Legalized? Whether or not prostitution should be legalized is, for some, a morally plagued question. The value society puts on sex can directly affect whether or not legalization will be considered. Even within Europe there is a drift. While France has banned prostitution it is legal in Germany, and has been since 2002. Is France morally outstanding, or is there something more to prostitution then what generally thought? The legalization of prostitution will affect many otherRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1537 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor Petretto English 111 15 Nov. 2016 Should Prostitution be Legalized? Prostitution has been and may always be one of the most controversial topics in the United States. While there are some who argue that prostitution should be legalized, others do not agree with this theory. Some advocates argue that prostitution is a victimless crime and that it should be a decision that one chooses on his or her own. They also believe that the legalization of prostitution will minimize crime, increase tax revenue

Aromatherapy Free Essays

The history of aromatherapy is linked strongly to the development of aromatic medicine. The ancient Greeks, Romans and Egyptians all used aromatherapy oils. In the Doreen of France there are cave paintings found to be 18,000 years old that depict the use of plants for medicinal purposes. We will write a custom essay sample on Aromatherapy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The origins of aromatherapy have been lost with time before the keeping of any records. It is although believed that crude forms of distillation, the main method that essential oils are now obtained, were practiced thousands of years ago In Persia, Egypt and India. Distillation was used mainly for the extraction of exotic flower waters. The medicinal use of plants and their extracts In India has been continuous from ,000 years ago to the present day. One of the oldest known books on plants Is Indian and is called â€Å"Veda†. This book highlights the various uses of plants for medicinal and religious purposes. The human was seen as part of nature and the preparation was considered a sacred practice. Arrived medicine is one of the oldest forms of medicine practiced since ancient times. There is more information available about the development of plant use in Egypt. The Nile Valley became known as the Cradle of Medicine. Some of the plants brought to this area were codeword, cinnamon, frankincense and myrrh. In Egypt 5,000 years ago, there was a strong link between perfumery and religion. Each God was allotted a particular fragrance. It was the priest who formulated the aromas. The Egyptians used plants, aromatic oils and aromatic resins In the embalming process. They successfully preserved human bodies for 3,000 years using this method. The process of embalming and mummification was developed by the Egyptians in their search for immortality. The ancient Egyptians first burned incense that derived from aromatic woods, spices and herbs in honor of the Gods. It was their belief that as the smoke SSE up towards the heavens it would carry their prayers and wishes directly to the deities. The development of aromatics as medicines delivered the creation of the foundation that aromatherapy was built upon. In the hot climate and with poor standards of sanitation, aromatic substances were used to make life more pleasant and safer. The Egyptians were passionate about the use of simple fragrances and used them In their dally lives. At celebrations and festivals women wore perfumed cones on their heads that melted in the heat and released a beautiful scent. After washing, they sun and to refresh their skin. The use of aromas for religious and medicinal purposes was also adapted in other countries such as China, Greece and Rome. The Greeks expanded the knowledge of the Egyptians by recording and classifying the actions and main properties of plant medicinal. The father of holistic medicine, Hippocrates, was an advocate of massage and recommended the use of daily massage and a scented bath. He also recognized the medicinal values of aromas. Greece is subsequently famous because of the presence of Hippocrates. Another Greek, Messages, formed a perfume called ‘Angelino’. It was capable of healing mounds and in the reduction of inflammation. The Greeks used the knowledge they had gained from the Egyptians to classify the future study of plant medicine thus making a vital contribution. Because of the influence of the Egyptians and Greeks, the Romans became more appreciative of perfumes and spices. The word perfume derives from the Latin per fume, meaning â€Å"through the smoke†. This refers to the burning of incense. There are many biblical citations making reference to incense together with the use of ointments and plant oils. As the Roman Empire spread, the knowledge of the healing properties of plants parade also. Roman soldiers went on long Journeys and collected seeds and plants which in time reached Britain and other countries, eventually becoming naturalized. Among these were parsley, fennel, sage, thyme and rosemary. The Romans used lavish means for plant aromatics with baths and massage being most recognized. Romans also used aromatic plants for beauty treatments, cosmetics, hygiene, and medical treatments. Distillation In 980 AD a man named Vaccine was born in Persia. He is responsible for making a vast improvement to the basic distillation units known then. He extended he length of the cooling pipe forming a coil shape. This enabled the vaporized plant molecules and steam to cool down more rapidly and efficiently. With improvements to the distillation process, more attention was giving to essential oils because of new formulae for ointments and perfumes. It is believed that the use of essential oils as we know them today began at this time. During the Holy Wars, the Crusaders were treated for stomach problems with the same plant medicines used by the natives. These would include the floral waters and essential oils. On their Journey omen they would have stopped at various Mediterranean islands where the knowledge of plants had been preserved from Roman times. The Crusaders brought home perfumes and flower waters for their wives relaying the stories of the medicines being known once again in Italy and perhaps for the first time in the rest of Europe. During the Middle Ages aromatic plants such as Thyme and Melissa were cultivated in monasteries. In the 12th century a German Abbess, Hildebrand, grew lavender for therapeutic properties which he also used as an essential oil. Throughout the 14th century, Frankincense and Pine were found to be burned in the trees. Perfume candles were burned inside and garlands of aromatic herbs and spices were often seen worn around ones neck in a bid to fight against the deadly plague which raged throughout Europe. Venice was the gateway to trade with the Arabs. Perfumed leather for gloves was first discovered here. In 1 533, Catherine De Medici influenced the production of essential oils and perfume in France. The area of Grease in France became the main perfume producing area. The Renaissance period brought with it the wide use of essential oils because of improvements in methods of distillation. The first botanical gardens were introduced in Europe prior to the birth of Christ. They were later to be found in many monasteries. During the 16th Century, Royal Hungarian Water was produced by the distillation of alcohol with fresh rosemary blossoms. Another infamous water was introduced by a Franciscan monk who left Italy to live in Cologne in 1665. The recipe for ‘Aqua Memorabilia’ was made world famous by his nephew J. M. Farina. It is known nowadays as the well known ‘AAU De Cologne’. It was used as a health-promoting lotion and included the essential oils of bergamot, lemon, orange, lavender, thyme and smeary. These were then diluted in strong ethyl alcohol. In Britain by the year 1700, the use of essential oils was widespread. It was used in mainstream medicine until the time came that chemistry allowed the synthesis of materials within the laboratory. Around the time of the Bubonic Plague, doctors would walk through streets wearing hats with large ‘beaks’. Within these beaks they placed aromatic herbs so that the air inhaled passed through them and this air was believed to be antiseptic. The decline of the use of herbs in Britain is partly due to the Industrial Revolution. The relocation of peoples housing to smaller terraced houses with little or no gardens resulted in a decline of the use of fresh herbs. By the year 1986, chemistry was becoming increasingly important. The drugs produced through the synthesis of the therapeutic properties from plants have proved to be very powerful in the role of modern medicine. The synthetic copies of the natural healing materials tend to be toxic and do not appear to have the same respect for the living human tissues. During the early years of this century a renewed interest in natural healing methods became apparent. This was no doubt stimulated by the side effects shown after long properties of essential oils. Essential oils were used on the wounds of those who suffered in the awful trench warfare of 1914- 1918. Gatepost © discovered in his research that essential oils take 30 minutes to 12 hours to be absorbed by the human body after application to the skin. Aromatherapy was introduced by beauty therapists using massage techniques which is why aromatherapy has appeared to be, for many years, a massage using essential oils. The main use of aromatherapy in Britain was to relieve stress and improve skin conditions by massage and only sage. Today aromatherapy is growing hugely in popularity and is recognized widely for an alternative treatment by many people. The use of the essential oils and plants has increased hugely in recent years. It is in general considered to be a complementary therapy. It is also being recommended by professional health careers as a complement to traditional medical treatments. Aromatherapy has been associated with massage as a method of delivering essential oils. There is growing evidence that aromatherapy treatment has many positive side effects on medical conditions either alone or in conjunction with traditional medicine. How to cite Aromatherapy, Papers

Social Media and its Impact on Business Communication

Question: Discuss about theSocial Media and its Impact on Business Communication. Answer: Introduction Technological advancement in the world is brining changes to every aspect along with the businesses. One of the very important and major advancement of technology is the social media tools or the platforms that are available in order to serve the people with the facility of communicating and connecting with each other (Mangold and Faulds, 2009). All the people in the world are adopting new methods and technological applications for making interaction with others. Social media has paved their steps in businesses also and the most important function that has been affected by the evolution of social media tools is business communication. Involvement of social media in businesses has totally transformed the way businesses are communicating these days. Social media brings such facilities to the people so that they can immediately communicate and interact with each other (Power, 2014). The social media platform act as the medium that provides a forum for the people by which they can speak and share their views regarding the products and services they are experiencing. It is not only the companies but the customers are themselves using media as the tool to share their views regarding their experiences (Qualman, 2010). The social network mediums help the companies to interact closely with their customers in order to get their feedback on the products and service they are serving to the customers. With the help of traditional communication methods, the companies cannot have the two way communication with the people but social media platforms allow the companies to have two way communications with the customers. No business is left untouched with the impact of social media. This is because every company wants to compete with the competitors in an innovative and technology allows the companies to make use of it in different forms and functions (Kaplan and Haenlein, 2010). Companies can use social media platforms to perform different functions. Companies have two options, either they can restrict themselves in the controlled wall or can use social media platform to explore the customers needs and requirements. This can help the companies to show their human side to the customers so that customers can relate to the brands. Being hidden is the surely not the choice of todays business owners (Van Dijck, and Poell, 2013). They want to be known and thus they have to break the wall of restriction and come out of their way to reach their customers. Social media has caused several shifts in the business communication functions of the companies. The first shift is from selling the products to making co nnections. Earlier, companies have the mindset that customers relationship can be made by selling the products whereas now the companies have different point of view. Companies think that making connections is more important before selling the product. The social media sites likes Facebook and twitter allow the companies to make those connections with the customers. The major goals of companies these days is not just selling the products but engaging the customers (Edosomwan, Prakasan, Kouame, Watson and Seymour, 2011). This is because most of the companies these days are customers oriented companies and produce the products and services according to the needs of the customers. These needs can be identified and analyzed by communication eth the customers and social media do it all for the companies. The next shift is regarding controlling the image to broadcasting the image. The companies these days are broadcasting everything they do. This creates a bond between the companies and t he customers and thus customers can decide which brand is fit for them according to their choices and affordability. The next shift has been observed in reach of the companies. Social media networks have allow the companies to reach to large masses of customers in minute of time with minimal efforts (Aral, Dellarocas and Godes, 2013). The online sources help the companies to post their videos, images and even the latest offers on the sites so as to reach all the customers who are accessing those sites on daily basis. This also helps the customers to know about the latest offers and discounts by the companies. As far as the benefits of the social media in business communication is considered, it can be used for different purposes. It is not only chatting and interaction with the customers that frames the business communication functions but accessing the customers data d then contacting them with customized messages is also a part of business communication. Social media sites allow the companies to access the data of the target audience that can be used to contact those customers who hare relevant for the company's current released products or services. This helps the firms to divide their customers according to the choices (Evans, 2010). If the companies have their presence on social media networks, it helps the companies top connect with more and more users or customers. This develops the trust of the customers over the brand as they can rely on the brands. This is because social media presence of the companies acts as the evidence of companys existence. Social media is the very cost eff ective way to promote the products. This is because it allows posting the real time ads on the sites as well as providing the facility to get the reviews back at the same time. Lead generation is the most important part of business and social media communication allow the companies generate higher leads the any other marketing method. As far as the experiences of the customers are considered, the customers also like the brands that provide them importance rather than the brands that so not communicate or interact with them (Dijkmans, Kerkhof and Beukeboom, 2015). Making interactions with the customers create sense of belongingness among the customers and they can relate to the brands. Social media limits the obstacle of distance. It is necessary for the company to have physical presence in the country or the place where the marketing is to be done. There are many Australian companies that use social media as the tool to communicate with their customers. One of the companies is Telstra that uses the social media as the very important tool for marketing. Telstra is the company that encourages their employees to use social media as well so that the company can easily contact them and with their contractors anytime everywhere. It is the telecom companies that can only conduct their businesses if the customers keep in connect with them (Macnamara, 2010). This is because telecom is the service that allows the people to communicate. Thus, it is very important for the company also to connect with its customers. As far as social media segment of the company is to be considered, it has been identified that the company believes in 3R; s. the first R is representing, second R is responsibility and third R is Respect. if the social media tool that have be used by the company is discussed that it is to be analyzed that the social networking sites that have been used by the company are Facebook, twitter, LinkedIn, My Site etc. if the colony wants to post ads and images then it also uses sites or platforms like Flickr and YouTube to post the videos as well. Company is also involved in discussion and forums through the mediums like Yhaoo1Group, Google etc. Telstra use many platform such as Facebook nada other social networking sites so as to develop its brand image among the people (Bozarth, 2010). Other than these sites, CrowdSupport is one of the strategies that have been used by the company. This is the platform that allows the customers of the company can make conversation about their experiences with the service they are getting from the company; the customers can share their views and talk to each other regarding the services. this platform allow the company to get the most relevant feedback about the service the company is offering to the customers and it also helps in taking corrective actions in the processes of the company wherever required. Company can get the idea about making improvements in the products nada los about the needs of the customers so that the services or the products can be modified according to the needs of the customers. Telstra owns a digital customers care team that talk to the customers in order to resolve their queries regarding the services and the offers that are available to them. The conversation that is made used to be very casual in nature so that customers do not hesitate to tell his problems. Having direct conversation also helps the customers to share their feeling and experiences n more expressive way. Some of the above discussed strategies are very useful for any of the companies like Telstra. Telstra is making an effective use of the social media technology in order to develop its customers service techniques and enhancing the communication with the customers, the above discussion clearly mention that the social media techniques that are used by Telstra is supporting the business activities of Telstra and social media is playing great role in developing the companys business communication (Juriov, 2017). Telstra is using the social media platform for different purpose such as campaigning, broadcasting; promotion etc. promotion and marketing are the techniques that are used since years by the companies to create awareness about the company and the products. This requires the companies to communicate with the customers and the stakeholders. Online marketing is the subset of social media marketing these days. The social media or online platforms allow the companies to have direct contact with the customers. Telstra has used almost all methods of social media in order to conduct online marketing (Treem and Leonardi, 2013). Using these platforms for communication helps the companies to have frequent conversations with the customers and also helps them to known about the daily changes in the needs of the customers. Most of the firms in todays world are using these tools in order to showcase their strengths to the customers. This is because the competition that is prevailing in the market i s so much fierce that the companies need to implement the innovative strategies frequently so that they can be stand out of other companies. Business in these days is not that easy to conduct, this is because customers have wide range of products and brand available to the, thus, the firm that will be able to attract the customers can only be the own who can lead the market and the industry. The people are becoming more conscious about the brand and they relate themselves with the brand image (Schulze, Schler and Skiera, 2015). Thus, social media interaction with the people helps the customers as well as the companies to choose their target according to the relevancy of the image. This is because some of the brands to sell the products that are only for the people in premium range and some of the customers also prefer to buy the products with the brands which have good image in the market (Herngaard, 2011). These types of changes in the requirements and the choices of the customers and the market forces the firms to make direct contact with the customers so that relevant data and information can be gathered according to the choice of the customers It can be summarized with the above discussion that making connection with the customers is the hour of need for the companies. The above discussion about Telstras social media networking suggests that companies are making innovations in their the strategies to use the social media platform for different purposes such as making connections sharing information, taking reviews etc. Globalization is the businesses forces the companies to take such steps so that they can cater more and more customers sitting at one place (Perrin, 2015). Social media is proved to be boon for business communication because it provides many facilities to make direct contact with the customers of the businesses. It not only proved beneficial for the companies but also for the customers who can get the information about any of the products and the brands with just a click. References: Aral, S., Dellarocas, C. and Godes, D., 2013. Introduction to the special issuesocial media and business transformation: a framework for research.Information Systems Research,24(1), pp.3-13. Bozarth, J., 2010.Social media for trainers: Techniques for enhancing and extending learning. John Wiley Sons. Dijkmans, C., Kerkhof, P. and Beukeboom, C.J., 2015. A stage to engage: Social media use and corporate reputation.Tourism Management,47, pp.58-67. Edosomwan, S., Prakasan, S.K., Kouame, D., Watson, J. and Seymour, T., 2011. The history of social media and its impact on business.Journal of Applied Management and entrepreneurship,16(3), p.79. Evans, D., 2010.Social media marketing: the next generation of business engagement. John Wiley Sons. Herngaard, A. 2011.The Imapact of Social Media. Available at : https://www.mindjumpers.com/blog/2011/01/the-impact-of-social-media/ Accessed on: 26 April 2017 Juriov,E. 2017.ONLINE. The impact of social networking on business and business ethics. Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0088/ef899014797f536edbec3497b94a32c27fd4.pdf Accessed on: 26 April 2017. Kaplan, A.M. and Haenlein, M., 2010. Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media.Business horizons,53(1), pp.59-68. Macnamara, J., 2010. Public relations and the social: How practitioners are using, or abusing, social media.Asia Pacific Public Relations Journal,11(1), pp.21-39. Mangold, W.G. and Faulds, D.J., 2009. Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix.Business horizons,52(4), pp.357-365. Perrin, A., 2015. Social media usage.Pew Research Center. Power, A., 2014. What is social media?.British Journal of Midwifery,22(12). Qualman, E., 2010.Socialnomics: How social media transforms the way we live and do business. John Wiley Sons. Schulze, C., Schler, L. and Skiera, B., 2015. Customizing social media marketing.MIT Sloan Management Review,56(2), p.8. Treem, J.W. and Leonardi, P.M., 2013. Social media use in organizations: Exploring the affordances of visibility, editability, persistence, and association.Annals of the International Communication Association,36(1), pp.143-189. Van Dijck, J. and Poell, T., 2013. Understanding social media logic.

Walmart Design of Goods and Services

Introduction Walmart is multinational retailer organization that runs chains of storeroom in America, and most successful profitable business enterprise. Through the use of information technology, Walmart tracks its product growth and adjusts to a database to reflect the local demand of the products. Waltmart collectively uses information technology center for products in the stores and distribution center to manage stock level (Barrow-man, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Walmart Design of Goods and Services specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More How product design applied in decision-making of Wal-Mart? The product design is the process of coming up with technique to advance on existing merchandises. It is an information intensive undertaking that has become progressively in today global competitive environment. Product design controls the characteristics and performance of the products consumer’s desire s. Product design ‘aimed’ at improving actual value of the products and ‘appears’ to customer’s affordable price. Walmart maintains inclusive contribution of all partners like suppliers to participate in product design, when outsourcing the production. The design interface of the products must be handled properly to minimize cost in product designs. The design of a consumer product is not only the factory-made cost, but also the dominance of the quality and service delivered and how well they meet customer expectations. There is uncertainty in designing performance levels, what customer expect, and even in the final goals for the design (Barrow-man, 2002). What is the Product Life Cycles in Wal-Mart? The product life cycle is the period between the time products unveiled into the market until it withdraws from the market. Product development starts when a corporation develops a new product idea. During the introduction phase, a lot of money required for product upgrade and advertising. Product valuing is the crucial aspect during the development stage and product must become competitive, and the consumers automatically acquire the new product at a high price. Growth phase provides product satisfaction. Wal-Mart shows the product it offers and differentiates them from the rival products, modifying the products and product protection done by Licenses and copyrights. This takes place when product improves its customer confident through product differentiation and product availability to the market, providing discount and product cost. During this product phase, product matures, and the company makes high sales and return. Walmart has multi distribution channels which offer back distribution ways. During the decline phase, product maintenance cost of product is high than the initial profit gained. It is extremely difficult for a company to understand decline signal of the product and the life cycles of products at Walmart are varyi ng from 3 months to 2 years. Walmart provides are fast-moving consumer goods, which are durables and groceries which have short ledge lives (Hong, 2000).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More How different Issues for Product Development applied in the Wal-Mart? There are several issues to be tackled during product development in Walmart. The change in demand of a product over a long time perhaps affects product life cycle. The issue of understanding the customer need and the economic changes may affect organization performance. These issues arise not only from handling the wide variety of products point of view, but continually striving for error free product, and create high customer satisfaction. The market regulates to meet the ever changing and unpredictable consumer market. Market mix contemplation should be appropriate for the firm, so that product growth adjusts (Ulrich, 20 01). Conclusion The product design considerably transforms the company perspective in respect to maintaining a competitive edge over its rival. Walmart has been able to sell products that sustain people and their environment through support of customers and communities around the world and product decisions are fast (Ulrich, 2001). References Barrowman, J. (2002). An Evaluation of Research on Integrated Product Development.  Management Science 48(7): 938–953. Hong, S. (2000). Balancing Concurrent Engineering Environmental Factors for Improved Product Development Performance. International Journal of Production Research 38(8): 1779–1800. Ulrich, K. T. (2001). Product Development Decisions: A Review of the Literature.  Management Science 47(1): 1–21. This essay on Walmart Design of Goods and Services was written and submitted by user Valeria Tanner to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Plato on the soul essays

Plato on the soul essays Plato on the Immortality of the Soul Like many people today Plato held the belief that the human being was both dualistic in nature, namely comprising of two separate entities; body and soul, and possessed a soul that would survive its embodied state. Plato saw the soul as immortal through being cyclical in nature and having this cycle comprising of three states; pre natal, embodiment, and post mortem. Plato formulates three arguments to back up his claim that the soul is immortal; the theory of opposites, the theory of recollection and the theory of destruction. Plato touches on the theory of a souls immortality in many texts but the one text that deals principally with this issue is Phaedo. Although Platos arguments are very cohesive and well constructed and in the day they were written must have seemed infallible, when we look back at them today there are a few flaws which leave Platos theories and arguments somewhat unsubstantiated. In order to better understand Platos argument as a whole this essay shall ap proach each theory and its problems separately before concluding them all as a whole. The theory of opposites is the first theory that Plato offers to his compatriots in Phaedo for a proof of immortality. This theory is based on the notion that the souls of the dead must continue in existence; for from what other source could those souls come which animate the living . This statement is backed up by a couple of examples; things become bigger from having been smaller, weaker from stronger, faster from slower, worse from better . Thus if these opposites are so prevalent in life why not life itself, as if from sleep to being awake then Plato supposes the same must apply to life from death. If we come from death to be alive then it must be true that our souls pre existed this life and are thus immortal and cyclical in nature, Failing this cyclic process e ...

Long term effects of CO2 emmisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Long term effects of CO2 emmisions - Essay Example Minute amounts of CO2 are produced during cellular metabolism and CO2 is a normal component of the human body. CO2 is present in the blood in the form of dissolved CO2, carbonic acid, and the bicarbonate ion. (CCOHS) The majority of CO2Â  is excreted from the body as exhaled air. Global warming which in an overall increase in the earth’s temperature is caused due to the extensive emission of green house gases (one of these is CO2). CO2 is produced by manufacturing industries that let out their wastes in the form of smoke. Other sources are light and heavy vehicles, volcanic eruptions, chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) and deforestation. It is a known fact that CO2 has harmful effects but the long term effects and consequences that this gas has on the environment cannot be known for sure. The reason behind this is that the atmosphere of the earth is extremely complex and is composed of not only the carbon dioxide gas but a combination of numerous other variables. The climatic conditions of a region can be predicted to a certain extent by experts who collect data and information. This data is not always adequate and accurate because nature is sometimes beyond man’s knowledge and understanding. Nature is unpredictable.

Teaching plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Teaching plan - Essay Example content in the form of behavioral objectives, put the interest of the interest of the student ahead of the teacher and finally ensure the set part connects the students back to the previous lessons. The three main objectives to be used during the teaching process were: to translate the written material into Mandarin, use pre and post quiz to determine learning objectives and outcomes respectively, and clients performing exercises according to what was learnt. The first and third teaching objectives are cognitive learning goals whereas the second objective is a psychomotor learning goal. It is imperative to assess the learning goals to determine the quality of learning intended for the clients. Bloom’s taxonomy, originally created in and for an academic setting, is useful in determining the usefulness of set goals in facilitating holistic learning. Bloom placed value in the mastery of subjects and advancement of higher orders of thinking as opposed to mere transference of facts. According to this classification, cognitive learning entails the transference of knowledge, psychomotor involves skills, and the affective domain concerns the attitudes towards a subject. The clients were given the opportunity to pictures and posters of various exercises. After that, they received a demonstration of each exercise and an explanation of the material presented on the board. The large poster outlined the benefits of exercise, the types of exercises to be used to improve strength, endurance, flexibility and balance, helpful tips during exercising, and points to remember during exercising. The first step of looking at the posters and having the material explain to them is in the cognitive domain of learning. The information is comprehended by the mind, but has not yet resulted in behavioral change. The clients performed the exercises in a seated position and were taught how to carry out the exercises safely. The first aspect of learning while seated is in the cognitive

Genetically Modified Foods Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Genetically Modified Foods - Research Paper Example Despite this, the development of these foods has met sharp critics from various stakeholders in the field of agriculture and medicine, and this has resulted to legal debates in parliaments of various countries, United States of America included. In the production of genetically modified foods, scientists usually select desirable genes from crops, combine them and come out with crops that are more superior in regard to disease and pest attack, as well as production. This is contrary to traditional food reproduction technology, in which unrelated crops were used. The cliche in the technology, as argued by opponents is based on the idea that recombining inter-species genes do not have ways of evaluating the potential threats and long-term effects on the consumption of genetically modified foods by living organisms. Since food affects each and every one of us, the discussion on food safety is of great importance to all humankind, and thus proper evaluation of both thee merits and demerit s associated with the technology is necessary. This essay seeks to outline the merits and demerits of genetically modified foods, and argue that the merits outweigh the demerits, and thus production of foods using this technology should be encouraged. Advantages of genetically modified foods To adapt to the technology of GMO’s, consumers need to be well informed on all aspects of the food starting from its production to preparation and consumption. In this regard, the consumers also need to be informed on the nutrition levels of different foods in order to ensure they purchase and consume foods that meet their health requirements. Opponents argue that GMO’s harm other organisms, human included; the recombination of genes may at times be ineffective and lead to the production of poisonous foods, which when consumed can be fatal. This is contrary to the current standards as all genetically food are tested against health standards before being released to the market. In t he production of genetically modified foods, the recombination of genes is strived to ensure that the crops are less exposed to pest and disease attacks. This is beneficial to the farmers as it reduces their cost of production and consequently increase yields and return. Therefore, the farmers can use the saved money in meeting other economic demands, which is also necessary for the economic development of a country (Skinner and Liang 12-78). On this point, opponent base their argument on the taste of foods and argue that genetically modified food have bad taste in comparison to natural foods. Although the taste of foods affects the appetitive of an individual, the nutritional value of the food is more important and thus their argument does not hold sound ground for an argument. Our ecology is very important in ensuring that all life of living organisms is sustained, and chemical components usually affect our ecology by tampering with the water systems as well as the exposure to che micals, which have adverse effects on humans, as well as animals (Shepard 34). Through the production of genetically modified foods, fewer chemicals are used, and this ensures that humans are less exposed to chemical hazards, as well as our environment remains unpolluted. Opponents argue that since genetically modified food are not good for human consumption, their production may lead to cross-pollination thus making it hard to identify genetically modified foods. Drought and other natural disasters have become a common occurrence in the recent past, and this has led to various organizations across the world striving to innovate new means of producing high yields in crop production

Methods Used to Evaluate Investment Projects

Methods Used to Evaluate Investment Projects Evaluation of the attractiveness of an investment proposal, using methods such as average rate of return, internal rate of return (IRR), net present value (NPV), or payback period. Investment appraisal is an integral part of capital budgeting (see capital budget), and is applicable to areas even where the returns may not be easily quantifiable such as personnel, marketing, and training Average Rate of Return (ARR) Definition: Method of investment appraisal which determines return on investment by totalling the cash flows (over the years for which the money was invested) and dividing that amount by the number of years Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Definition: One of the two discounted cash flow (DCF) techniques (the other is net present value or NPV) used in comparative appraisal of investment proposals where the flow of income varies over time. IRR is the average annual return earned through the life of an investment and is computed in several ways. Depending on the method used, it can either be the effective rate of interest on a deposit or loan, or the discount rate that reduces to zero the net present value of a stream of income inflows and outflows. If the IRR is higher than the desired rate of return on investment, then the project is a desirable one. However, it is a mechanical method (computed usually with a spreadsheet formula) and not a consistent principle. It can give wrong or misleading answers, especially where two mutually-exclusive projects are to be appraised. Also called dollar weighted rate of return Net Present Value (NPV) Definition: NPV is the difference between the present value (PV) of the future cash flows from an investment and the amount of investment. Present value of the expected cash flows is computed by discounting them at the required rate of return (also called minimum rate of return) For example, an investment of $1,000 today at 10 percent will yield $1,100 at the end of the year; therefore, the present value of $1,100 at the desired rate of return (10 percent) is $1,000. The amount of investment ($1,000 in this example) is deducted from this figure to arrive at NPV which here is zero ($1,000-$1,000). A zero NPV means the project repays original investment plus the required rate of return. A positive NPV means a better return, and a negative NPV means a worse return, than the return from zero NPV. It is one of the two discounted cash flow (DCF) techniques (the other is internal rate of return) used in comparative appraisal of investment proposals where the flow of income varies over time Payback Period Definition: Time required to recover an investment or loan. INVESTMENT APPRAISAL One of the key areas of long-term decision-making that firms must tackle is that of investment the need to commit funds by purchasing land, buildings, machinery and so on, in anticipation of being able to earn an income greater than the funds committed. In order to handle these decisions, firms have to make an assessment of the size of the outflows and inflows of funds, the lifespan of the investment, the degree of risk attached and the cost of obtaining funds. The main stages in the capital budgeting cycle can be summarised as follows: Forecasting investment needs. Identifying project(s) to meet needs. Appraising the alternatives. Selecting the best alternatives. Making the expenditure. Monitoring project(s). Looking at investment appraisal involves us in stage 3 and 4 of this cycle. We can classify capital expenditure projects into four broad categories: Maintenance replacing old or obsolete assets for example. Profitability quality, productivity or location improvement for example. Expansion new products, markets and so on. Indirect social and welfare facilities. Even the projects that are unlikely to generate profits should be subjected to investment appraisal. This should help to identify the best way of achieving the projects aims. So investment appraisal may help to find the cheapest way to provide a new staff restaurant, even though such a project may be unlikely to earn profits for the company. Investment appraisal methods: One of the most important steps in the capital budgeting cycle is working out if the benefits of investing large capital sums outweigh the costs of these investments. The range of methods that business organisations use can be categorised one of two ways: traditional methods and discounted cash flow techniques. Traditional methods include the Average Rate of Return (ARR) and the Payback method; discounted cash flow (DCF) methods use Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return techniques. Traditional Methods Payback: This is literally the amount of time required for the cash inflows from a capital investment project to equal the cash outflows. The usual way that firms deal with deciding between two or more competing projects is to accept the project that has the shortest payback period. Payback is often used as an initial screening method. Payback period = Initial payment / Annual cash inflow So, if  £4 million is invested with the aim of earning  £500 000 per year (net cash earnings), the payback period is calculated thus: P =  £4 000 000 /  £500 000 = 8 years This all looks fairly easy! But what if the project has more uneven cash inflows? Then we need to work out the payback period on the cumulative cash flow over the duration of the project as a whole. Payback with uneven cash flows: Of course, in the real world, investment projects by business organisations dont yield even cash flows. Have a look at the following projects cash flows (with an initial investment in year 0 of  £4 000): The payback period is precisely 5 years. The shorter the payback period, the better the investment, under the payback method. We can appreciate the problems of this method when we consider appraising several projects alongside each other. But, here we must face the real problem posed by payback: the time value of income flows. Put simply, this issue relates to the sacrifice made as a result of having to wait to receive the funds. In economic terms, this is known as the opportunity cost. More on this point follows later. So, because there is a time value constraint here, the payback method can become complicated. In this case, the earlier flow of revenue is a key factor. Also if post-payback revenues occur earlier in the lives of competing projects, that can be a decisive factor. OK, so its clear that the payback method is a bit of a blunt instrument. So why use it? Arguments in favour of payback Firstly, it is popular because of its simplicity. Research over the years has shown that UK firms favour it and perhaps this is understandable given how easy it is to calculate. Secondly, in a business environment of rapid technological change, new plant and machinery may need to be replaced sooner than in the past, so a quick payback on investment is essential. Thirdly, the investment climate in the UK in particular, demands that investors are rewarded with fast returns. Many profitable opportunities for long-term investment are overlooked because they involve a longer wait for revenues to flow. Arguments against payback It lacks objectivity. Who decides the length of optimal payback time? No one does it is decided by pitting one investment opportunity against another. Cash flows are regarded as either pre-payback or post-payback , but the latter tend to be ignored. Payback takes no account of the effect on business profitability. Its sole concern is cash flow. Payback summary It is probably best to regard payback as one of the first methods you use to assess competing projects. It could be used as an initial screening tool, but it is inappropriate as a basis for sophisticated investment decisions. Average Rate of Return: The average rate of return expresses the profits arising from a project as a percentage of the initial capital cost. However the definition of profits and capital cost are different depending on which textbook you use. For instance, the profits may be taken to include depreciation, or they may not. One of the most common approaches is as follows: ARR = (Average annual revenue / Initial capital costs) * 100 Lets use this simple example to illustrate the ARR: A project to replace an item of machinery is being appraised. The machine will cost  £240 000 and is expected to generate total revenues of  £45 000 over the projects five year life. What is the ARR for this project? ARR = ( £45 000 / 5) / 240 000 * 100 = ( £9 000) / 240 000 * 100 = 3.75% Advantages of ARR As with the Payback method, the chief advantage with ARR is its simplicity. This makes it relatively easy to understand. There is also a link with some accounting measures that are commonly used. The Average Rate of Return is similar to the Return on Capital Employed in its construction; this may make the ARR easier for business planners to understand. The ARR is expressed in percentage terms and this, again, may make it easier for managers to use. There are several criticisms of ARR which raise questions about its practical application: Arguments against ARR Firstly, the ARR doesnt take account of the project duration or the timing of cash flows over the course of the project. Secondly, the concept of profit can be very subjective, varying with specific accounting practice and the capitalisation of project costs. As a result, the ARR calculation for identical projects would be likely to result in different outcomes from business to business. Thirdly, there is no definitive signal given by the ARR to help managers decide whether or not to invest. This lack of a guide for decision making means that investment decisions remain subjective.

Dress and Food During World War II :: essays research papers

Quite a range of fashion shifts occurred during and after World War II. Some of the major changes included: an increasing shift to casual dress, less elaborate fashions, and the disappearance of knickers. Short pants began to be worn as summer attire, and American boys stop wearing knee socks and long stockings. Short hairstyles become popular for boys in America after the War. Anything using vast amounts of cloth or thought unnecessary were not allowed, such as: leg-of-mutton sleeves, aprons, overskirts, decorative trim, patch pockets and petticoats. Men’s suits consisted of two-piece suits—a jacket and pants without cuffs, although before 1942 they consisted of four pieces—two pairs of pants, a vest and a double-breasted jacket. (Feldman)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The war, bringing on many civilian shortages, substitution became a way of life stateside, affecting daily life. Even though, powder, eye makeup and lipsticks were considered necessary for persevering wartime spirits, some ingredients were no longer available. Military and civilian provisions included the same manpower, facilities and fibers. The government wanted to conserve materials to prevent shortages and also keep the prices up, without harming standing industries. Private citizens had to adjust any new clothing to the conditions with very few exceptions. These were not the only changes being made. There were changes in the food supplies also. The Nazis made the living conditions in the Warsaw Ghetto as terrible as possible. There were curfews, and guards were put on duty at all times near the walls to make sure no Jews escaped from the ghetto. Many Jews suffered from unemployment and diseases. A typhus epidemic, which killed many Jews, broke out about a year after the ghetto was created. Due to low food rationing, many Jews starved to death. Some chose to kill themselves because they could not stand the physical and emotional pain anymore. From the moment that the Jews were isolated from the Polish society and were surrounded by a fence, their food distribution was entirely controlled by the Germans. A strict food rationing was in effect. A working person was given food rationing that was sufficient barely for one person. In order to feed the sick and the old, they were put on the list of the producing people and their relatives had to cover for them by working even longer hours and producing a larger quota. The quantity of allocated food was insufficient and many basic food items were non existent in the ghetto.

Legal Structures The Sole Trader Economics Essay

The exclusive bargainer is a concern owned by one person who is freelance and why may, in some instances, employ other people on a full clip or a portion clip footing. Normally utilizing personal financess to get down concern, the exclusive bargainer decides on the type of goods or services to be produced, where the concern is to be located, what capital is required, what staff ( if any ) to use, what the mark market should be a host of other facets concerned with the constitution and running of the endeavor. In the United Kingdom about 80 per cent of all concern is exclusive bargainers. The ground for this predomination is the comparative easiness with which an person can set up a concern this type. These types of concern are people, who working in edifice, little stores, independent agents etc. The partnership is when two or more persons set up a concern which they own. The spouses have unlimited personal liability both jointly and independently. A The liability of limited spouses is limited to their investing in the partnership. Under the jurisprudence, partnerships are limited to 20 or less spouses. Partnership companies normally have written contracts between spouses, but that ‘s non necessary. This states the type of partnership it is, how much capital each party has contributed, and how net incomes and losingss will be shared. The typical illustrations of partnerships are physicians, tooth doctors and solicitors.A They can profit from shared expertness, but like the exclusive bargainer, have unlimited liability. Limited companies are companies which are registered at Companies House- www.companieshouse.gov.uk. It is a legal entity or legal individual with its ain legal rights and duties, separate and distinguishable from those of its members. All belongings, which is registered on company, belongs to company and is non treated as belonging to the company ‘s stockholders and managers. The benefit of limited company is that is offers limited liability to its members. The company as a separate legal entity is apt for its debts and the members and managers are non personally apt unless they have acted wrongly in some manner. There are two types of limited companies as public limited companies ( PLCs ) and private limited companies ( Limited, LTD ) . The huge bulk of trading companies are private companies limited by portions. Many private companies are really little. There is no minimal capital required for private company and it ‘s normally less than 100? . A private company may non offer portions to the populace. For illustration it can be any store, saloon, building company etc. PLC is company whichA is appropriate for larger concerns where portions are intended to be available to the general populace. A public company must hold a minimal portion capital of ?50,000, of which at least one-quarter plus any portion premium must be paid up before the company can obtain its trading certification from Companies House and get down trading. This is the lone type of company which may raise capital by offering portions to the populace. For illustration it ‘s some supermarket concatenation, bringing company or air hoses company. Consumer co-operative societies are administrations owned by consumers which aim is carry throughing demands and aspirations of their members. They operate in market system independently from the province as common assistance, oriented to service instead than do a profit.A Consumer ‘s co-ops frequently take the signifier of retail mercantile establishments owned and operated by their consumers, such asA nutrient co-ops, wellness attention, insurance, A lodging, A utilitiesA and personal finance. Workers ‘ co-operatives are administrations in which ownership and control of the assets are in the custodies of the people who working in it. They have the aim of making and keeping sustainable occupations and bring forthing wealth, to better the quality of life of the worker-members, ennoble human work, allow workers democratic self-management and promote community and local development. The chief rules of the administrations are democracy, unfastened rank, societal duty, common co-operation and trust, aid to distinguish co-operative from other signifiers of concern administrations. Public corporations are legal entities created by authorities to set about commercial activities behalf of an proprietor authorities. In the populace sector the province owns assets in assorted signifiers, which it uses to supply a scope of goods and services felt to be of benefit to its citizens. These province corporations an of import portion of the public sector of the economic system and they are really important to national end product, employment and investing. These public corporations are infirmaries, municipal H2O companies, rail services etc. Municipal endeavors are concerns owned by local public governments that provide services and frequently gross in metropoliss across UK. Increasingly, local authoritiess have turned to municipal endeavor to both raise gross and advance local occupations and economic stableness by developing a more diversified base of locally controlled wealth. TheA map of their function is to supply public services such as instruction, lodging, roads, societal services etc.Administrations aims and stakeholdersThe chief organizational aim of for-profit administration is to do more net income. Aims and aims set up where the concern would wish to be in the hereafter, assisting to command their programs, motivate staff and give everyone sense of way. Any determination made within the administration should be in line with their purposes and aims. The aims are influence by assorted stakeholders, every bit good as the nature of the concern. Different stakeholder groups will hold different aims to fulfill the ir involvements. Aims can be: corporate which affect the whole concern, departmental aims that are for a certain country of concern and single aims are used in public presentation assessment for employees. Employees- pay degrees ; working conditions ; occupation security ; personal development Managers- occupation security ; position ; personal power ; organizational profitableness ; growing of the administration Shareholders- market value of investing ; dividends ; security of investing ; liquidness of investing Creditors- security of loan ; involvement of loan ; liquidness of investing Suppliers- security of contract ; regular payment ; growing of administration ; market development Society- safe merchandises ; environmental sensitiveness ; equal chances ; turning away of favoritismDuties of an administrationEvery company, concern, section has a responsibility and remit to supply a service. An administration must run within the boundaries of the jurisprudence. Reputation and trust are everything, and a consumer ca n't hold trust or religion in your ability to present if you ca n't turn out and warrant you ‘re legitimacy. An administration must besides hold rigorous fiscal control. Recruitment is vitally of import. Administrations need dependable workers who have enthusiasm, but besides intelligence ; workers that are able to be originative but besides to take advice and review from direction. Besides administrations are responsible for wellness and safety of their employees. They need to supply safe working environment and equipment.How economic systems effort to apportion resources efficaciouslyThere are three sorts of economic system which are fundamenta lly adopted by the different states. They are: free market, centrally planned, assorted market. Free market economic system: The intercession of authorities is kept at a minimal degree or neglected in free market system and all the economic sciences resources comes under the private sectors every bit good market. Price mechanism will find how much of goods or services will be supplied harmonizing to the market demands. Most determinations are based on market mechanism. The supply, demand and ability play the critical function in market determination doing. As per looking at the free market system it raises the assorted unresolved inquiries like who will bring forth the goods and services and substructures for the state to run into the demands of every populace. Centrally planned economic system system: Centrally planned economic system refers that authorities allocates the economic resources ; authorities makes all the planning sing the economical activities. Private sectors are kept far off in engagement of any economical accretion. These sorts of economic sciences were found in the Asian, cardinal Europe, Eastern Europe and Latin American states but now these are found in Cuba, Iraq, Iran, North Korea etc. In these systems fundamentally unemployment jobs will non be faced since authorities program all the economical activities and resources will be allocated based demands of its people and different industries inputs. Mixed economic system system: This system is a mixture of all other systems. The system where both capitalist economy and socialism economic system are included it is known as assorted economic system. Mixed economic system splits the available economic resources available in the state to both private sectors and authorities. Private sectors are encouraged to acquire involved and take part in using the resources which helps to derive economic net income for whole state. States like USA, UK, Russia and China to states like Cambodia, Peru and Vietnam has adopted this economic system. When one fails to run into the public desire other can acquire it and helps to keep the economic balance non merely in the peculiar state but besides the whole state.The impact of financial and pecuniary policy on concern administrations and their activitiesFiscal policy determinations have a widespread consequence on the mundane determinations and behavior of single families and concerns. Basically financ ial policy means how authorities revenue enhancements us and how it spends the money. Lower revenue enhancements mean more disposable income for consumers and more hard currency for concerns to put in occupations and equipment. Stimulus-spending plans, which are short term in nature and frequently affect substructure undertakings, can besides assist thrust concern demand by making short term occupations. Increasing income or ingestion revenue enhancements normally mean less disposable income, which, over clip, can slow concern activity. Monetary policy impact alterations in short term involvement rates influence long term involvement rates, such as mortgage rates. Low involvement rates mean lower involvement disbursal for concerns and higher disposable income for consumers. This combination means higher concern net incomes. Lower mortgage rates may spur more place purchasing activity, which is normally good for the building industry. Lower rates besides mean more refinancing of bing mortgages, which may besides enable consumers to see other purchases. High involvement rates can hold the opposite impact for concerns: higher involvement disbursals, lower gross revenues and lower net incomes. Interest-rate alterations can impact stock monetary values, which can impact consumer disbursement.Apple IncMarket construction is figure of houses bring forthing indistinguishable merchandise homogeneous. Monopolistic competition where there is a big figure of houses, each holding a little proportion of the market portion and somewhat differentiated merchandises. They take the monetary values of other rivals as given and disregard the impact of its ain monetary values of other houses. The figure of houses and end product determines supply and demand. For illustration: Coke and Pepsi ; toothpaste ; shaving froths like Gillette and Dove. Oligopoly is when a little figure of houses control the market. Then normally monetary values of merchandises or services are high. Industries which are illustrations of oligopolies include: Steel industry, aluminum, movie, telecasting, cell phone, gas, electricity. Duopoly is a particular instance of an oligopoly with two houses. Monopsony when there is one purchaser faces with many Sellerss. Oligopsony, a market where many Sellerss can be present but meet merely a few purchasers. Monopoly, where there is merely one supplier of a merchandise or service. For illustration it was Microsoft Company in U.S. Natural monopoly is when house is a natural monopoly if it is able to function the full market demand at a lower cost than any combination of two or more smaller, more specialised houses. Perfect competition a theoretical market construction that features no barriers to entry, an limitless figure of manufacturers and consumers, and a absolutely elastic demand curve.Supply and DemandSupply and demand are the forces that make market economic systems work. They determine the measure of each good produced and the monetary value at which it is sold. A market is a group of purchasers and Sellerss of a peculiar good or service. The purchasers as a group determine the demand for the merchandise, and the Sellerss as a group determine the supply of the merchandise. For illustration, if oil monetary values rises so monetary value of bringing services rise and the monetary value of the goods every bit good. When summer is end and tourer season is finished so monetary values of hotel suites goes down. If grape crop is bad one twelvemonth so monetary values of vino will be higher in following twelvemonth.Apple Iraqi National CongressSignificance of international trade to UK concern administrationsSome of the cardinal trade goods in which the UK trades are manufactured goods, drinks, fuels and chemicals. Harmonizing to a World Trade Organization ( WTO ) study published in 2008, the UK has retained its place as the universe ‘s largest commercial services exporter. Furthermore, with the UK entering a net income of $ 263 billion in the commercial services sector, the state continues to be the universe ‘s 2nd largest supplier of these services. UK trade consists of the motion of goods and services within the European Union, of which it is a member, and to non-EU states. International trade in the UK is assisted by UK Trade & A ; Investment ( UKTI ) . This authorities organisation focuses on heightening the fight of United kingdom companies through abroad trade and investings. It besides aims at go oning to pull high-quality foreign direct investing ( FDI ) . In order to pull foreign concerns and foreign investing, the British authorities has adopted a assortment of plans. For case, the Parliament allows local and regional authoritiess to set up endeavor zones. In these zones, companies receive freedoms from belongings revenue enhancements and reimbursement for costs involved in the building of new mills or concern locations. There are besides plans that provide inducements for companies to turn up in economically down urban countries that are known as â€Å" Assisted Areas. † In 1998, the entire value of these plans was US $ 315 million. There are 7 free trade zones in the United Kingdom ( Birmingham, Humberside, Liverpool, Prestwick, Sheerness, Southampton, and Tilbury ) . These zones allow goods to be stored for cargo without duties or import responsibilities.The impact of planetary factors on UK concern organisationsInternational trade and the UK economic system: UK concerns will see international trade growing accelerate from 2014 as the planetary economic system ends a period of growing contraction, harmonizing to HSBC. There are cardinal alterations taking topographic point in universe trade, UK exports to China and to India grew by 21 % and 37 % severally in 2011 and HSBC estimates that it processed around one tierce of these by value. Market chances: Evaluating markets and future tendencies can be a major challenge for any concern. New market chances jumping from a scope of possible beginnings and vary in their size, importance, and hazard. New demographic or perpendicular industry sections New geographic parts Alternate offerings of service theoretical accounts, supplies, and other rentes World Trade Organisation ( WTO ) is the lone international bureau supervising the regulations of international trade. It polices free trade understandings, settees trade differences between authoritiess and organises trade dialogues.4.3The impact of policies of the EU on UK concern administrationsThe United Kingdom is a member of the European Union but is n't portion of the individual currency, the Euro. Free trade – The EU is a trade axis which means there are no quotas or duties for companies exporting goods and services within the EU. European statute law is meant to do it easier for UK concerns to merchandise across the EU ‘s 27 provinces. The internal market – the individual market means UK citizens are free to travel, live, survey and trade anyplace within the EU.

Reflective Practice Report Essay Example

Reflective Practice Report Essay Example Reflective Practice Report Essay Reflective Practice Report Essay Essay Topic: Reflective Reflective Report Term 1 Primary School, Alderman Davies When I arrived at the Primary school placement, Alderman Davies I met with one of my supervisors in Reception and gave her my details and showed her my CRB. I then went into the reception classroom with her and we had a chat about what the school expected of me and things I would be doing with the children, the times I start and finish. She discussed the polices and procedures with me but explained they do not give them out because they have too many students and would cost them too much money to print for everyone. She asked me if I had any questions for her and explained who I needed to see if I had any problems. She then took me on a quick tour of the school because I knew where a lot of things were because it was the school I attended when I was at primary school. I went to be introduced to some of the new staff and was introduced to my class teacher and the class I would be working with. There I was given my first task of helping the children draw flowers for harvest to be put up as decorations in the church. Whilst I have been in this placement and in the class I was in with mixed ages I have learned a lot about the children and their needs. I have learned that some children in the class who are the same age may need some more support than others. I have learned to judge when children need help or are just being lazy and done really need it, and I have learned to be a lot more patient. I have also learned that it the children trust you very quick and are very venerable, and copy things they see other people doing. Since being at Alderman Davies’ I have enjoyed every minute of working with the children. They all have completely different personality and can be very cheeky if you let them be. They each of them have began to trust me and trust me to do work with them and to look after them during the day. I have loved doing activities with the children that I had been set to do in college and I know the children enjoyed them too. I had so much fun helping prepare the Christmas concert, helping sort out costumes and helping the children learn all the songs. Making Christmas things with the children was very enjoyable and watching them enjoy themselves made me very happy that I helped put the smile on their faces. The thing I dislike the most about this placement is that Teaching assistants didn’t respect me as much as the teachers did. And it knocked my confidence a bit when I was near them, and the some of the children took it as a cue that they could disrespect me to. However I did not let it ruin my time there and I enjoyed it as much as I possibly could. However I disliked seeing the children upset and thought that some of the dinner time supervisors didn’t deal with some of the problems well enough. My strengths during this placement have been that I could turn up on time and I was very creative in thinking of idea’s for helping the children learn and coming up with games for them to play witch they were learning through doing too. Another strength was that I could build good relationships with the children and staff because I was very confident from the beginning and am easy to talk to. This helped me a lot and made me enjoy my time more. I also encourage children to join in with activities and helped them build their confidence be when they say they couldn’t do something took the time to tell them they can do it and helped them to do it and made sure they were able to before I left them. My only weakness was at the beginning I was very nervous of doing activities with the children because I didn’t know them and had never done it before. With help from kind staff and just gave it my best short and my confidence grew even more and I am now able to explain tasks to the children with confidence. If I was to do this placement again I would do it all the same because I absolutely enjoyed everything and all my time there. However I would not worry about anything and have more confidence at the beginning. Information I would give to students coming behind me would be is have a brilliant time and enjoy every minute because it goes so fast. I would recommend to have confidence because the teachers know how you feel because they were in your position once before. I would advise to be patient and take time to listen to the children and to stay on top of the work because it could mount high on top of you and its worth doing. Ill be sad to leave this placement so enjoy everything.

Ventricular System of the Brain

Ventricular System of the Brain The ventricular system is a series of connecting hollow spaces called ventricles in the brain that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid. The ventricular system consists of two lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, and the fourth ventricle. The cerebral ventricles are connected by small pores called foramina, as well as by larger channels. The interventricular foramina or foramina of Monro connect the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle. The third ventricle is connected to the fourth ventricle by a canal called the Aqueduct of Sylvius or cerebral aqueduct. The fourth ventricle extends to become the central canal, which is also filled with cerebrospinal fluid and encases the spinal cord. Cerebral ventricles provide a pathway for the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid throughout the central nervous system. This essential fluid protects the brain and spinal cord from trauma and provides nutrients for central nervous system structures. Lateral Ventricles The lateral ventricles consist of a left and right ventricle, with one ventricle positioned in each hemisphere of the cerebrum. They are the largest of the ventricles and have extensions that resemble horns. The lateral ventricles extend through all four cerebral cortex lobes, with the central area of each ventricle being located in the parietal lobes. Each lateral ventricle is connected to the third ventricle by channels called interventricular foramina. Third Ventricle The third ventricle is located in the middle of the diencephalon, between the left and right thalamus. Part of the choroid plexus known as the tela chorioidea sits above the third ventricle. The choroid plexus produces cerebrospinal fluid. Interventricular foramina channels between the lateral and third ventricles allow cerebrospinal fluid to flow from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle. The third ventricle is connected to the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, which extends through the midbrain. Fourth Ventricle The fourth ventricle is located in the brainstem, posterior to the pons and medulla oblongata. The fourth ventricle is continuous with the cerebral aqueduct and the central canal of the spinal cord. This ventricle also connects with the subarachnoid space. The subarachnoid space is the space between the arachnoid matter and the pia mater of the meninges. The meninges  is a layered membrane that covers and protects the brain and spinal cord. The meninges consists of an outer layer (dura mater), a middle layer (arachnoid mater) and an inner layer (pia mater). Connections of the fourth ventricle with the central canal and subarachnoid space allow cerebrospinal fluid to circulate through the central nervous system. Cerebrospinal Fluid Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear aqueous substance that is produce by the choroid plexus. The choroid plexus is a network of capillaries and specialized epithelial tissue called ependyma. It is found in the pia mater membrane of the meninges. Ciliated ependyma lines the cerebral ventricles and central canal. Cerebrospinal fluid is produced as ependymal cells filter fluid from the blood. In addition to producing cerebrospinal fluid, the choroid plexus (along with the arachnoid membrane) acts as a barrier between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid. This blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier serves to protect the brain from harmful substances in the blood. The choroid plexus continually produces cerebrospinal fluid, which is ultimately reabsorbed into the venous system by membrane projections from the arachnoid mater that extend from the subarachnoid space into the dura mater. Cerebrospinal fluid is produced and reabsorbed at nearly the same rate to prevent pressure within the ventricular system from getting too high. Cerebrospinal fluid fills the cavities of the cerebral ventricles, the central canal of the spinal cord, and the subarachnoid space. The flow of cerebrospinal fluid goes from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle via the interventricular foramina. From the third ventricle, the fluid flows to the fourth ventricle by way of the cerebral aqueduct. The fluid then flows from the fourth ventricle to the central canal and the subarachnoid space. The movement of cerebrospinal fluid is a result of hydrostatic pressure, cilia movement in ependymal cells, and artery pulsations. Ventricular System Diseases Hydrocephalus and ventriculitis are two conditions that prevent the ventricular system from functioning normally. Hydrocephalus results from the excess accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. The excess fluid causes the ventricles to widen. This fluid accumulation puts pressure on the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid can accumulate in the ventricles if the ventricles become blocked or if connecting passages, such as the cerebral aqueduct, become narrow. Ventriculitis is inflammation of the brain ventricles that typically results from an infection. The infection can be caused by a number of different bacteria and viruses. Ventriculitis is most commonly seen in individuals who have had invasive brain surgery. Sources: Purves, Dale. â€Å"The Ventricular System.† Neuroscience. 2nd edition., U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1 Jan. 1970, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11083/.The Editors of Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. â€Å"Cerebrospinal fluid.† Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, inc., 17 Nov. 2017, www.britannica.com/science/cerebrospinal-fluid.

Analyze a science news article on microbes Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analyze a science news on microbes - Article Example It is also used in the evaluation process of different brands of food. The program is primarily based on excel sheet which makes it easier for the user to manage and maintain. It also helps an individual in the process of quick cost analysis and has tools in it to help evaluate the existing formulas of the items used in the food product. The program can communicate with other software and helps in creating the perfect formula for the food item. Major food companies are using the computer software TechWizard for the process of food analysis and making cost effective decisions. The labeling of food ingredients is easy and helps in identifying the quality of the product. The software has made the job of food labeling easier and helps maintain standard quality product. It is manageable and easy to use, making it one of the best food processing software in the market (Owl Software

Criminological Theories Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Criminological Theories - Case Study Example Society reacts by punishment, treatment, or prevention. These sequences of events come together to comprise the object matter of criminology (Sutherland, 1947). Theories are logical constructions that explain natural phenomena. They are not in themselves always directly observable, but can be supported or refuted by empirical findings. Theory and empirical research are connected by means of hypotheses, which are testable propositions that are logically derived from theories. The testable part is very important because scientific hypotheses must be capable of being accepted or rejected. Theories can be simple or complex, it depends on how relationships are made in formulating them. Human behavior tends to be very complex, almost abstract. Theories on crime causation are complex, too. Theories not only provide a framework for us to interpret the meanings of observed patterns but they help us to determine when these patterns are meaningful and when they are not (Sutherland, 1947). The case under analysis here is Cecilia's inclination to embezzle funds from her employer. Her behavior can be best explained using two sociological theories of criminology namely, Social Disorganization and Institutional Anomie. The Institutional Anomie is sometimes also called the 'American Dream' theory. This theory comes under the more widely known 'Strain theory'. Strain refers generally to the processes by which inadequate regulation at the societal level filters down to how the individual perceives his or her needs. Strain also refers to the frictions and pains experienced by the individual as they look for ways to meet their needs (the motivational mechanism that causes crime) (Messner & Rosenfeld, 1994). This theory talks of a state in which sometimes material success is evaluated as success in life. Achieving such a success might mean relieving the strain the person is under. When a person is in this state, economic success takes a very high priority in life. Contentment a nd satisfaction in life are rated only based on how much money they make or how well placed they are in society. As in the case of Cecilia, as long as she was economically stable, for example during the initial period of working, she did not resort to any type of deviant behavior. Social Disorganization theory basically refers to the failure of social institutions or social organizations (e.g., schools, family, group networking) in certain communities and/or neighborhoods. Organization can be defined as definite and enduring patterns of complementary relations and social disorganization as the weakening or destruction of the relationships which hold together a social organization such as a family (Sutherland, 1947). The lack of a proper childhood leads to a feeling of imbalance which in turn leads to the need to procure this balance. In Cecilia's case, the death of her father at an early stage and the lack of a close personal bond with her mother caused in her a feeling of detachmen t and desolation. Since she also did not have close friends, social networking was totally lacking leading to a very strong need to feel attached to something or someone. This craving leads to a depression which if not identified leads to deviant behavior which could lead to the individual developing into a

Designing Effective Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Designing Effective - Research Paper Example Based on this importance, the paper emphasizes the need for further research into opportunities presented by effective designing of contracts. This paper dissects how framing and expectations of contracts influence the contract’s performance. Various researches have attempted to look into the ubiquitous nature of contracts. Some have mentioned that contracts are merely necessary safeguards which secure parties involved in a contract against potential undesirable behaviors by the involved parties. This facilitates exchanges. Many scholars note that mitigation of the threats arising from contracts is dependent on contractual framing and expectations. Recent evidence from researches suggests contract framing play an important role in determining how contractual application is implemented. For instance, contracts which are framed with a loss in mind in case of failure to meet threshold amounts to the involved parties making greater effort. Similarly, contracts framed with a gain in mind, the parties will also be motivated to work even extra hard. The expectation of something is seen to motivate an action in implementation of the contract. Many contract theorists have begun systematic unpacking of behavioral implications associated with contract frame and expectations from the same (Weber and Mayer 56). A key emerging issue in design of effective contracts is the psychological impacts of framing and expectations of contracts. Despite widespread knowledge of the role of contracts in ensuring mitigation of hazards through development of safeguards, there exists little knowledge with regard to psychological impacts of the contracts. Contract framing offers a potential mechanism to psychologically affect the exchange or continuous partnerships.as revealed in the study, contracts aim at protecting the parties involved in a relationship against any form of opportunistic behavior thus boosting the confidence of the parties involved so that they can proceed with the

The Many Issues Working Parents Face Essay Example for Free

The Many Issues Working Parents Face Essay Working parents may consider work to be either a blessing or a curse. Most people agree that without work there is no way to support oneself or a family. Both parents are forced to work because they want their children to experience â€Å"the good life.† However, on their road to success, working parents have to sacrifice several other things. In addition to a lack of family or leisure time, a person’s job also creates a lot of stress. Work can be the highway to success. However, hectic schedules caused by long hours of work can lead to negative changes in one’s personal life. Marilyn Gardner talks about a cop whose work hours are messed up. She states that Mr. Fulgham â€Å"works twelve-hour shifts which rotate between days and nights† and eats breakfast when his family is normally eating lunch. He gets almost no time with his family. When he gets a chance to spend time with his family, it causes the schedule of his family to get messed up too (Gardner 235-38). De Graaf, a journalist for the New York Times, states that â€Å"(u)ntil the current recession, Americans were working some of the longest hours in the industrial world.† Long hours at work lead to lesser time with family. For example, in â€Å"My Mother, Her Career, My Questions,† Palmer has a friend whose mother hardly spent any time with her. Being a doctor and working long hours, the mother was so tired when she came back home that she had to â€Å"force hers elf to play† with her kids (Palmer 244). This shows how work can have a negative impact of the person’s relationships with his/her family. Even parents feel guilty about not being able to spend enough time with family. They admit that the longer they work, the lesser time they spend with their kids (Seligson). It is said that people who work longer hours are more likely to get a divorce due to the lack of togetherness. The main point of being a â€Å"family† is that the members of the family have to be together and enjoy each other’s company. However, parents that work weird schedules or extremely long hours fail to spend enough time with their family. This loosens relationships and can even tear apart families. Thus, there has to be a balance between work time and family time. Parents are always aiming to work those extra hours to get more work done, but they do not realize that  they are missing out on their children’s lives. Additionally, working parents need to know that too much work can also cause Another negative effect of working long hours is the stress it causes. When there isn’t enough time to complete a certain project at work, a person works overtime to finish it. These long hours can mess up a person’s daily schedule. Anger, exhaustion and stress are some of the many negative effects long hours have on an individual (Gillian). Audrey Gillian, a journalist for The Guardian, feels that Ronald Regan was wrong when he said â€Å"hard work never killed anyone.† The health issues caused by working long hours can eventually lead to death. In addition to that, in â€Å"The Case for Staying at Home,† Claudia Wallis talks about how women have to work both at their workplace and at home which creates more stress and exhaustion. In â€Å"Serving in Florida† Barbara juggled two different jobs. With the minimum wage she got, she could hardly afford to pay her rent (Ehrenreich 179-186). She started working longer hours to get more money. Although she tried fighting till the end, she had to finally give up both her jobs because she was working all day and couldn’t seem to make ends meet (Ehrenreich 186). It seems like people have to choose between life and work. After coming back from a day of hard work, one would usually opt to take a break and just rest. However, women are expected to come home and attend to the family’s needs. She has to cook, clean and basically keep her family happy (Wallis 240). This causes the person to be stressed out and fatigued. People need to realize that it is fine to take a break from work once in a while. A person’s body has a certain limit for everything. When a person goes beyond that limit, the human body reacts and this causes stress and other health related issues. Stress leads to fights which lead to broken relationships. Are you ready to forget about family and only focus on your career? Most would say that there needs to be balance so that one can be successful at work and at the same time, maintain good relationships with his/her family. All in all, work may have a positive effect on our lives, but in excess it can ruin a person’s life and even break up families. Work can also make a person weary and tired. If you are in surgery, would you prefer a well rested doctor to operate on you or one who has been working the whole day with no break? I would surely opt for the rested one to make sure nothing would go wrong. People need to maintain a work-life balance so that the effects of work  don’t cause their life any harm. Works Cited de Graaf, John. Less Work, More Life. The Progressive Sept. 2010: 22+. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. Ehrenreich, Barbara. Serving in Florida. 2001. The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric. Boston: Bedford, 2008. 179-86. Print. Gardner, Marilyn. More Working Parents Play Beat the Clock. The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins, 2008. 235-38. Print. Gillan, Audrey. Work until You Drop: How the Long-hours Culture Is Killing Us. The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 20 Aug. 2005. Web. 06 Dec. 2012. Palmer, Kimberly. My Mother, Myself, Her Career, My Questions. The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins, 2008. 243-45. Print. Seligson, Hannah. When the Work-Life Scales Are Unequal. The New York Times. The New York Times, 02 Sept. 2012. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. Wallis, Claudia. The Case for Staying at Home. 2006. The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric. Bedford, Freeman Worth Pub., 2008. 240-41. Print.